Ingredients

4 small cloves garlic 

1/2 teaspoon coarse salt 

12 anchovy fillets 

1 tablespoon finely grated plus 1 teaspoon lemon zest 

1/3 cup freshly squeezed lemon juice, (2 to 3 lemons total) 

2 tablespoon drained capers, rinsed 

1 1/2 teaspoons dried mustard 

1/2 teaspoon freshly ground pepper 

1 cup extra-virgin olive oil 

1/2 cup finely grated Parmesan cheese 

Preparation

Mash garlic and salt using a large mortar and pestle. Add anchovies, zest, capers, mustard, and pepper; mash to form a paste. Stir in lemon juice. Add oil in a slow, steady stream, working pestle until emulsified; work in cheese. (Or, puree all ingredients except oil and cheese in a blender. Add oil in a slow steady stream, blending until emulsified. Transfer to a bowl; stir in cheese.) Dressing can be refrigerated in an airtight container up to 3 days. Serve at room temperature.